Deutsche Gesellschaft in Afghanistan: Eine historische Perspektive seit König Amanullah
German Society in Afghanistan: A Historical Perspective For over a century, German society in Afghanistan has played a crucial role in the modernization and development of the country. From the diplomatic efforts under King Amanullah Khan to the reconstruction after 2001, Germany has had a significant impact on Afghanistan in the areas of infrastructure, education and the economy. Germany not only provided support in times of peace, but also stood by the country in political crises. Read More.. The Beginnings: King Amanullah and German Society in Afghanistan In the 1920s, King Amanullah Khan wanted to modernize Afghanistan and sought a reliable partnership with Germany. Since Germany had no colonial past in the region, it was considered a trustworthy partner. This led to the German-Afghan Friendship Treaty of 1926, which enabled close cooperation. German engineers built schools, hospitals and roads. At the same time, military advisors supported the training of the Afghan armed forces. Particularly noteworthy is the founding of the Amani Secondary School (1924), which became a leading educational institution with German-language instruction. Read More .. The Role of German Society in Afghanistan (1950s–1970s) In the 1950s and 1960s, Germany further intensified its support as Afghanistan grew economically. German skilled workers made a significant contribution to technical and economic development. The Kabul Polytechnic was built with German help, as were several hydroelectric power plants. Germany also supported education and health projects. An important aspect was cultural exchange: many Afghan students received scholarships and were able to complete an academic education in Germany. Setbacks and Challenges (1979–2001) German-Afghan cooperation was severely affected by political unrest. The Soviet invasion of 1979 in particular had serious consequences. German experts left the country, diplomatic relations were weakened and many development projects came to a standstill. Nevertheless, Germany remained committed. It continued to provide humanitarian aid, support Afghan refugees and campaigned for the protection of human rights. Modern German Society in Afghanistan (2001–present) After 2001, Germany significantly increased its efforts to rebuild Afghanistan. As a NATO member, it was involved in the ISAF peacekeeping mission. In addition, German society in Afghanistan initiated numerous GIZ projects in areas such as agriculture, vocational training and the advancement of women. Read More.. Even after the withdrawal of international troops in 2021, Germany remains active. It continues its humanitarian aid and remains committed to the Afghan population. Conclusion: German society in Afghanistan as a reliable partner From King Amanullah’s modernization plans to today’s aid programs – German society in Afghanistan has had a lasting impact on the country. Despite political challenges, Germany has remained a constant partner. It has made significant contributions, especially in the areas of education, infrastructure and humanitarian aid. This support will continue to play a central role in Afghanistan’s development in the future.